Obesity, a major risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases
and certain types of cancer, arises from a chronic positive energy balance that is often due to …

Mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways constitute a large modular network that
regulates a variety of physiological processes, such as cell growth, differentiation, and …

Purpose: Over the last decade evidence has accumulated indicating that cell membrane-
bound growth factor receptor of the erbB family and especially the epidermal growth factor …

Tyrosine phosphorylation is negatively regulated by the protein-tyrosine phosphatases
(PTPs). In order to find the physiological substrates of these enzymes, diverse PTP mutants …

The adipocyte-derived 'satiety promoting'hormone, leptin, has been identified as a key
central regulator of body weight and fertility, such that its absence leads to obesity and …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit extensive self‐renewal potential and can modulate
immunocyte activation. Our previous study reported that miR‐181a expression was …

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are considered to be involved in the etiology of
diabetes mellitus, neural diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, regulation …

Methamphetamine use disorder is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by
recurrent binge episodes, intervals of abstinence, and relapses to drug use. Humans …

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are important regulators of intracellular signaling
pathways via the dephosphorylation of phosphotyrosyl residues on various receptor and …

Addiction to psychostimulants has been considered as a chronic psychiatric disorder
characterized by craving and compulsive drug seeking and use. Over the past two decades …