Repetitive, calcium-mediated contractile activity renders cardiomyocytes critically dependent
on a sustained energy supply and adequate calcium buffering, both of which are provided …

Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of ocular complications in patients with type 1 and type
2 diabetes in developed countries. Due to the continued increase in the number of people …

Programmed cell death (PCD) is a fundamental biological process. Deficiency in MOSAIC
DEATH 1 (MOD1), a plastid-localized enoyl-ACP reductase, leads to the accumulation of …

The spatiotemporal characterization of signaling crosstalk between subcellular organelles is
crucial for the therapeutic effect of malignant tumors. Blocking interactive crosstalk in this …

Differentiation and dedifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are essential
processes of vascular development. VSMC have biosynthetic, proliferative, and contractile …

Eukaryotic cells contain a variety of subcellular organelles, each of which performs unique
tasks. Thus follows that in order to coordinate these different intracellular functions, a highly …

RIG-I pathway signaling of innate immunity against RNA virus infection is organized
between the ER and mitochondria on a subdomain of the ER called the mitochondrial …

The function of mitochondria and lysosomes has classically been studied separately.
However, evidence has now emerged of intense crosstalk between these two organelles …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of complex, neurological disorders that affect
early cognitive, social, and verbal development. Our understanding of ASD has vastly …

Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a selective loss of
dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The earliest biochemical signs of the disease …