The Ordovician Period (~ 485-444 Ma) was an interval of major, causally interconnected 15
changes in the Earth's biotic, climatic, and environmental systems. The diversity of marine …

Milankovitch cycles are quasi-periodic fluctuations in insolation forced by the variation in
Earth's astronomical parameters. The astronomically induced climate change affected the …

The spatial coverage and temporal resolution of the Early Paleozoic paleoclimate record are
limited, primarily due to the paucity of well-preserved skeletal material commonly used for …

Construction and assembly of the Geologic Time Scale involves:(a) constructing a relative
(chronostratigraphic) standard scale for key periods in the Earth's rock record;(b) identifying …

Dating the tree of life is a core endeavor in evolutionary biology. Rates of evolution are
fundamental to nearly every evolutionary model and process. Rates need dates. There is …

The greatest relative changes in marine biodiversity accumulation occurred during the Early
Paleozoic. The precision of temporal constraints on these changes is crude, hampering our …

The extensive work carried out during more than a decade by the International
Subcommission on Ordovician Stratigraphy has resulted in a new global classification of the …

Mercury (Hg) enrichment in stratigraphic successions is now widely used as a proxy for
volcanic inputs, often for the purpose of documenting a relationship between large igneous …

Plants have utterly transformed the planet, but testing hypotheses of causality requires a
reliable time‐scale for plant evolution. While clock methods have been extensively …

Abstract The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE) was the most rapid and
sustained increase in marine Phanerozoic biodiversity. What generated this biotic response …