Variety of implant materials have been employed in various disciplines of medical science
depending on the requirement of a particular application. Metals, alloys, ceramics, and …

Compared with stainless steel and Co–Cr‐based alloys, Ti and its alloys are widely used as
biomedical implants due to many fascinating properties, such as superior mechanical …

β-type titanium (Ti) alloys have attracted a lot of attention as novel biomedical materials in
the past decades due to their low elastic moduli and good biocompatibility. This article …

Meta-materials are structures when their small-scale properties are considered, but behave
as materials when their homogenized macroscopic properties are studied. There is an …

One of the biggest challenges in the biocompatibility of implantable metals is the prevention
of the stress shielding effect, which is related to the coupling of the bone-metal mechanical …

Ti-based alloys are finding ever-increasing applications in biomaterials due to their excellent
mechanical, physical and biological performance. Nowdays, low modulus β-type Ti-based …

Porous and functionally graded materials have seen extensive applications in modern
biomedical devices—allowing for improved site-specific performance; their appreciable …

Implants are exposed to a complex physiological environment that contains various organic
compounds, especially proteins. The adsorption of proteins has an immense influence on …

Magnesium (Mg) and some of its alloys have attracted extensive interests for biomedical
applications as they exhibit biodegradability and low elastic modulus that is closer to natural …

Porous metal is metal with special porous structures, which can offer high biocompatibility
and low Young's modulus to satisfy the need for orthopedic applications. Titanium and …