People worldwide are living longer, and it is estimated that by 2050, the proportion of the
world's population over 60 years of age will nearly double. Natural lung aging is associated …

As we age, the innate immune system becomes dysregulated and is characterized by
persistent inflammatory responses that involve multiple immune and non-immune cell types …

Background Wildtype mice are not susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Emerging SARS-
CoV-2 variants, including B. 1.1. 7, B. 1.351, P. 1, and P. 3, contain mutations in spike that …

Prophylactic vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 have lowered the incidence of severe COVID-19, but
emergence of viral variants that are antigenically distinct from the vaccine strains are of …

Over the past millennia, life expectancy has drastically increased. While a mere 25 years
during Bronze and Iron ages, life expectancy in many European countries and in Japan is …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The ability of our cells to secrete type I …

The immune systems of men and women differ in significant ways, especially after puberty.
In particular, females are generally more prone to autoimmunity, but experience lower rates …

The innate immune system is composed of a network of cells including neutrophils, NK and
NKT cells, monocytes/macrophages, and dendritic cells that mediate the earliest interactions …

Abstract The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) which caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), is a pandemic threat to global …

Aging is a pleiotropic process affecting many aspects of mammalian physiology. Mammals
are composed of distinct cell type identities and tissue environments, but the influence of …