Revisiting immune exhaustion during HIV infection

A Khaitan, D Unutmaz - Current HIV/AIDS Reports, 2011 - Springer
Chronic immune activation is a hallmark of HIV infection, yet the underlying triggers of
immune activation remain unclear. Persistent antigenic stimulation during HIV infection may …

Molecular signatures of T-cell inhibition in HIV-1 infection

M Larsson, EM Shankar, KF Che, A Saeidi, R Ellegård… - Retrovirology, 2013 - Springer
Cellular immune responses play a crucial role in the control of viral replication in HIV-
infected individuals. However, the virus succeeds in exploiting the immune system to its …

Exhaustion of activated CD8 T cells predicts disease progression in primary HIV-1 infection

M Hoffmann, N Pantazis, GE Martin, S Hickling… - PLoS …, 2016 - journals.plos.org
The rate at which HIV-1 infected individuals progress to AIDS is highly variable and
impacted by T cell immunity. CD8 T cell inhibitory molecules are up-regulated in HIV-1 …

Expression of a Broad Array of Negative Costimulatory Molecules and Blimp-1 in T Cells following Priming by HIV-1 Pulsed Dendritic Cells

EM Shankar, KF Che, D Messmer, JD Lifson… - Molecular …, 2011 - Springer
Accumulating evidence indicates that immune impairment in persistent viral infections could
lead to T-cell exhaustion. To evaluate the potential contribution of induction of negative …

Elevated expression of LAG-3, but not PD-1, is associated with impaired iNKT cytokine production during chronic HIV-1 infection and treatment

JA Juno, AT Stalker, JLM Waruk, J Oyugi, M Kimani… - Retrovirology, 2015 - Springer
Background LAG-3 is a potent negative regulator of the immune response but its impact in
HIV infection in poorly understood. Unlike exhaustion markers such as PD-1, Tim-3, 2B4 and …

Low Expression of Activation and Inhibitory Molecules on NK Cells and CD4+ T Cells Is Associated with Viral Control

NA Taborda, JC Hernández, J Lajoie… - AIDS Research and …, 2015 - liebertpub.com
Chronic HIV-1 infection induces severe immune alterations, including hyperactivation,
exhaustion, and apoptosis. In fact, viral control has been associated with low frequencies of …

Lymphocyte Activation Gene-3 Expression Defines a Discrete Subset of HIV-Specific CD8+ T Cells That Is Associated with Lower Viral Load

J Peña, NG Jones, S Bousheri… - AIDS research and …, 2014 - liebertpub.com
Mechanisms leading to the observed immune dysregulation in chronic HIV infection are not
well understood. The MHC-II class ligand, lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3, CD223) …

Dexamethasone and hypoxia upregulate CXCR4 expression in myeloma cells

SW Kim, HY Kim, HJ Lee, HJ Yun, S Kim… - Leukemia & …, 2009 - Taylor & Francis
We investigated the modulation of CXCR4 expression by cytokines, dexamethasone, and
hypoxia in myeloma cells in vitro. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth …

Role of regulatory T cells and inhibitory molecules in the development of immune exhaustion during human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection

SM Gonzalez, W Zapata, MT Rugeles - Viral immunology, 2016 - liebertpub.com
One of the key hallmarks of chronic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection
is the persistent immune activation triggered since early stages of the infection, followed by …

TCR Affinity Associated with Functional Differences between Dominant and Subdominant SIV Epitope-Specific CD8+ T Cells in Mamu-A*01+ Rhesus Monkeys

CE Osuna, AM Gonzalez, HH Chang, AS Hung… - PLoS …, 2014 - journals.plos.org
Many of the factors that contribute to CD8+ T cell immunodominance hierarchies during viral
infection are known. However, the functional differences that exist between dominant and …