Current trends in spine research are reviewed in order to suggest future opportunities for
biomechanics. Recent studies show that psychosocial factors influence back pain behaviour …

Stability is one of the most fundamental concepts to characterize and evaluate any system.
This term is often ambiguously used in spinal biomechanics. Confusion arises when the …

A new musculoskeletal model for the lumbar spine is described in this paper. This model
features a rigid pelvis and sacrum, the five lumbar vertebrae, and a rigid torso consisting of a …

Written by more than 400 subject experts representing diverse academic and applied
domains, this multidisciplinary resource surveys the vanguard of biomaterials and …

Study Design. This article describes the development of a musculoskeletal model of the
human lumbar spine with focus on back muscles. It includes data from literature in a …

BACKGROUND: Complex loading develops in multiple spinal motions and in the case of
hyperflexion is known to cause intervertebral disc (IVD) injury. Few studies have examined …

The objectives of this study were to obtain linearized stiffness matrices, and assess the
linearity and hysteresis of the motion segments of the human lumbar spine under …

Biomechanical testing methodologies for the spine have developed over the past 50 years.
During that time, there have been several paradigm shifts with respect to techniques. These …

Activity of the abdominal muscles during symmetric lifting has been a consistent finding in
many studies. It has been hypothesized that this antagonistic coactivation increases trunk …

Study Design. Porcine lumbar spine specimens were cyclically loaded in flexion and
extension with a pure moment. The resistance to flexion and extension of the individual …