Adrenergic receptors belong to the family of the G protein coupled receptors that represent
important targets in the modern pharmacotherapies. Studies on different physiological and …

Cell culture is among the most widely used laboratory approaches probably because of the
diverse aspects it covers and the relatively short period of time it requires. In pharmacology …

Dear Editor, Chinese ancient philosophy describes divers concepts such as Qi (spirit or
energy) and the five natural elements (fire, earth, water, wood and metal) that along with the …

The existent common features between pharmacology and toxicology and the shared basic
concepts, in addition the similarities between the principles of the two fields made them both …

Pharmacognosy is a biological science with therapeutic aspects that is an important part of
the teaching content for pharmacists, but this knowledge is not always taught to other …

Regardless of the different diagnosis methods than can exist, 1–3 medical diagnosis is a
practice based on diverse approaches that aim to find out the causes of a pathology or the …

Neurodegenerative diseases represent a hard challenge that the modern medicine and
health care worldwide have to face due to the high social and economic incidences they …

The study or the evaluation of the effects of not only an active compound, mainly drugs but
also a toxic compound (Ghanemi, 2014a, b, c, d), always takes into consideration wellknown …

Orexin receptors belong to the big family of G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) that
constitute the main targets in the modern pharmacological approaches. Although the …

The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has
already been published, http://dx. doi. org/10.1016/S2090-9896 (16) 00021-7. The duplicate …