Antimicrobial resistance continues to be a public threat on a global scale. The ongoing need
to develop new antimicrobial drugs that are effective against multi-drug-resistant pathogens …

Phage therapy is a medical form of biological control of bacterial infections, one that uses
naturally occurring viruses, called bacteriophages or phages, as antibacterial agents …

BACKGROUND Antibiotics are among the most important tools in medicine, but their efficacy
is threatened by the evolution of resistance. Since the earliest days of antibiotics, resistance …

Antibiotic resistance is recognised as a major global threat to public health by the World
Health Organization. Currently, several hundred thousand deaths yearly can be attributed to …

Evolution is the hallmark of life. Descriptions of the evolution of microorganisms have
provided a wealth of information, but knowledge regarding “what happened” has precluded …

This document presents guidelines for developing institutional programs to enhance
antimicrobial stewardship, an activity that includes appropriate selection, dosing, route, and …

In addition to altering global ecology, technology and human population growth also affect
evolutionary trajectories, dramatically accelerating evolutionary change in other species …

Combination therapy is rarely used to counter the evolution of resistance in bacterial
infections. Expansion of the use of combination therapy requires knowledge of how drugs …

There is a constant need for new antibacterial drugs owing to the inevitable development of
resistance that follows the introduction of antibiotics to the clinic. When a new class of …

Bystander selection—the selective pressure for resistance exerted by antibiotics on
microbes that are not the target pathogen of treatment—is critical to understanding the total …