Sperm cryopreservation is one of the most important procedures in the development of
biotechnologies for assisted reproduction. In some farm animals, the use of cryopreserved …

The Earth's cryosphere comprises those regions that are cold enough for water to turn into
ice. Recent findings show that the icy realms of polar oceans, glaciers and ice sheets are …

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) were discovered in marine fishes that need protection from
freezing. These ice-binding proteins (IBPs) are widespread across biological kingdoms, and …

Ice-binding proteins (IBP) facilitate survival under extreme conditions in diverse life forms.
IBPs in polar fishes block further growth of internalized environmental ice and inhibit ice …

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are biological antifreezes with unique properties, including
thermal hysteresis (TH), ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI), and interaction with membranes …

Extreme cold marine and freshwater temperatures (below 4° C) induce massive
deterioration to the cell membranes of organisms resulting in the formation of ice crystals …

Antarctic landfast sea ice (fast ice) is stationary sea ice that is attached to the coast,
grounded icebergs, ice shelves, or other protrusions on the continental shelf. Fast ice forms …

Cellular agriculture is a rapidly emerging field, within which cultured meat has attracted the
majority of media attention in recent years. An equally promising area of cellular agriculture …

Interactions of macromolecules with growing crystalline surfaces play an important role in
biomineralization, determine survival of some organisms at low temperatures, and offer a …

Airborne dispersal of microalgae has largely been a blind spot in environmental biological
studies because of their low concentration in the atmosphere and the technical limitations in …