Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people living with HIV, lifelong
treatment is required and there is no cure. HIV can integrate in the host genome and persist …

The upregulation of immune checkpoint molecules, such as programmed cell death protein
1 (PD1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4), on immune cells occurs during acute …

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) inhibits HIV replication but is not curative. During ART, the
integrated HIV genome persists indefinitely within CD4+ T cells and perhaps other cells …

The latent viral reservoir is the critical barrier for the development of a cure for HIV-1
infection. Previous studies have shown direct antiviral activity of potent HIV-1 Env-specific …

Antiretroviral therapy during the earliest stage of acute HIV infection (Fiebig I) might
minimize establishment of a latent HIV reservoir and thereby facilitate viremic control after …

A latent reservoir for HIV-1 in resting CD4+ T lymphocytes precludes cure. Mechanisms
underlying reservoir stability are unclear. Recent studies suggest an unexpected degree of …

Elimination of HIV-1 requires clearance and removal of integrated proviral DNA from
infected cells and tissues. Here, sequential long-acting slow-effective release antiviral …

BACKGROUND The relative stabilities of the intact and defective HIV genomes over time
during effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) have not been fully characterized. METHODS …

The phenotypic characterization of the cells in which HIV persists during antiretroviral
therapy (ART) remains technically challenging. We developed a simple flow cytometry …

The development of immunologic interventions that can target the viral reservoir in HIV-1-
infected individuals is a major goal of HIV-1 research,. However, little evidence exists that …