This review reports on the processes associated with costs of reproduction, including some
theoretical considerations, definitions and methodological aspects, followed by a list of the …

摘要从温度, CO2, 水分以及生境变化4 个方面综述了雌雄异株植物的雌雄个体在环境胁迫下
出现的不同生理, 生态和生化差异. 温度胁迫将导致雌雄个体在气孔导度, 净同化作用 …

Background Frequently, in dioecious plants, female plants allocate more resources to
reproduction than male plants. Therefore it is expected that asymmetrical allocation to …

Allocation to reproduction is often examined at the whole plant level from an allometric
perspective; however, investment in reproduction is a hierarchical process which represents …

Background and aims Dioecious plant species, ie those in which male and female functions
are housed in different individuals, are particularly vulnerable to global environmental …

Abstract Background and Aims Expected life history trade-offs associated with sex
differences in reproductive investment are often undetected in seed plants, with the difficulty …

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the implications of sex-specific physiology to the
cost of sexual reproduction in plants. It begins by describing various dimorphic sexual …

Background and Aims In dioecious species male and female plants experience different
selective pressures and often incur different reproductive costs. An increase in reproductive …

Female and male plants often differ in reproductive effort and habitat requirements. The aim
of this study was to analyze these differences between the sexes and the effect of climate on …

Abstract Background and Aims The males and females of many dioecious plant species
differ from one another in important life-history traits, such as their size. If male and female …