Liver fibrosis due to viral or metabolic chronic liver diseases is a major challenge of global
health. Correlating with liver disease progression, fibrosis is a key factor for liver disease …

Viral quasispecies are dynamic distributions of nonidentical but closely related mutant and
recombinant viral genomes subjected to a continuous process of genetic variation …

Background and aim Hepatitis C virus infection can lead to an enormous health burden
worldwide. Investigating the changes in HCV-related burden between different countries …

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the major risk factor for liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC). The mechanisms of HCC initiation, growth, and metastasis appear to be …

Ongoing social, political and ecological changes in the 21st century have placed more
people at risk of life-threatening acute and chronic infections than ever before. The …

Background and Aims We investigated the prognostic value of programmed death ligand 1
(PD‐L1) expression, tumor‐infiltrating CD8‐positive T‐cell status, and their combination in …

Background & Aims Chronic viral infections present serious public health challenges;
however, direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are now able to cure nearly all patients infected with …

Background and Aims Patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and advanced fibrosis remain at
risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after sustained viral response (SVR) and need …

Tissue fibrosis is a key driver of end-stage organ failure and cancer, overall accounting for
up to 45% of deaths in developed countries. There is a large unmet medical need for …

Nearly 2.3 million individuals worldwide are coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Odds of HCV infection are six times higher in people living …