A wide array of molecular pathways has been investigated during the past decade in order
to understand the mechanisms by which the practice of physical exercise promotes …

Epilepsy, a neurological disease characterized by recurrent seizures, is often associated
with a history of previous lesions in the nervous system. Impaired regulation of the activation …

Ischemic disorders, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease,
are the most common causes of debilitating disease and death in westernized cultures. The …

The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication network that links the enteric and central
nervous systems. This network is not only anatomical, but it extends to include endocrine …

Sepsis and the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are major causes of mortality
without targeted therapies. Although many experimental and clinical observations have …

There is a growing emphasis on the relationship between the complexity and diversity of the
microorganisms that inhabit our gut (human gastrointestinal microbiota) and health/disease …

Unresolved low grade systemic inflammation represents the underlying pathological
mechanism driving immune and metabolic pathways involved in autoimmune diseases …

Anticancer immune responses can be considered a desirable form of autoimmunity that may
be profoundly shaped by the microbiome. Here, we discuss evidence for the microbiome's …

The central role of the microbiome in critical illness is supported by a half century of
experimental and clinical study. The physiological effects of critical illness and the clinical …

The current coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presents a huge challenge for
health-care systems worldwide. Many different risk factors are associated with disease …