Conspectus Reaction dynamics in the liquid–vapor interface is one of the crucial physical
sciences but is still starving for in-depth exploration. It is challenging to selectively detect the …

We study the prospects for life on planets with subsurface oceans, and find that a wide range
of planets can exist in diverse habitats with ice envelopes of moderate thickness. We …

While Earth contains the only known example of life in the universe, it is possible that life
elsewhere is fundamentally different from what we are familiar with. There is an increased …

Ether synthesis from alcohol is known to be acid-catalyzed. Such a process could happen in
the acidified liquid of alcohol, but hitherto lacking the experimental evidence. Here we …

Inorganic systems based upon polyoxometalate (POM) clusters provide an experimental
approach to develop artificial life. These artificial symmetric anionic macromolecules with …

Ionizing radiation is known to have a destructive impact on biology by causing damage to
the DNA, cells, and production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) among other things …

Structural inhomogeneity of the liquid–vapor interface, such as the spatial orientation of
molecular specific groups and the non-uniform distribution of hydrogen-bonded (HB) …

Anionic carbonate CO 3− has been found in interstellar space and the Martian atmosphere,
but its production mechanism is in debate so far. To mimic the irradiation-induced reactions …

Open Research Online oro.open.ac.uk Page 1 Open Research Online The Open University’s
repository of research publications and other research outputs Halophilic Responses to a Range …