Cathepsin B (CatB), a cysteine protease, is primarily localized within subcellular endosomal
and lysosomal compartments. It is involved in the turnover of intracellular and extracellular …

Multiple dysregulated signaling pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer. The
conventional therapies used in cancer prevention/treatment suffer from low efficacy …

Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by progressive loss of particular populations
of neurons. Apoptosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative …

Biomacromolecular drugs have become an important class of therapeutic agents for the
treatment of human diseases. Considering their high propensity for being degraded in the …

Cytochrome c (Cytc) plays a vital role in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). In
addition, it is a key regulator of apoptosis. Cytc has multiple other functions including ROS …

Resveratrol (3, 5, 4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene), a polyphenol found in grapes, red wine,
peanuts, and apples, has been reported to exhibit a wide range of biological and …

Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication of type I and type II diabetes, in which renal
glomeruli are destroyed, resulting in renal damage, proteinuria, and hypertension …

The biodiversity of mushrooms Pleurotus spp. is impressive due to its complexity and
diversity related to the composition of chemical structures such as polysaccharides …

Some antimicrobial peptides have been shown to be able to inhibit the proliferation of
cancer cell lines. Various strategies for treating cancers with active peptides have been …

Mitochondria, as the powerhouse organelle of cells, are greatly involved in regulating cell
signaling pathways, including those related to the innate and acquired immune systems …