Explore-exploit decisions require us to trade off the benefits of exploring unknown options to
learn more about them, with exploiting known options, for immediate reward. Such decisions …

The science of science (SOS) is a rapidly developing field which aims to understand,
quantify and predict scientific research and the resulting outcomes. The problem is …

Adolescents are often described as a strange and different species that behaves like no
other age group, typical behaviours being excessive risk-taking and sensitivity to peer …

The dilemma between information gathering (exploration) and reward seeking (exploitation)
is a fundamental problem for reinforcement learning agents. How humans resolve this …

Highlights•Humans use uncertainty-based algorithms to balance exploration and
exploitation.•Humans utilize structure in the state space to make exploration more …

Area‐restricted search is the capacity to change search effort adaptively in response to
resource encounters or expectations, from directional exploration (global, extensive search) …

Foraging theory prescribes when optimal foragers should leave the current option for more
rewarding alternatives. Actual foragers often exploit options longer than prescribed by the …

Intuitively, children appear to be more exploratory than adults, and this exploration seems to
help children learn,. However, there have been few clear tests of these ideas. We test …

How does time pressure influence exploration and decision-making? We investigated this
question with several four-armed bandit tasks manipulating (within subjects) expected …

This chapter compares five models that analyze social evaluation from the micro,
interpersonal to macro, many-group level: the Dual Perspective Model (DPM), Behavioral …