Understanding the influence of solar variability on the Earth's climate requires knowledge of
solar variability, solar‐terrestrial interactions, and the mechanisms determining the response …

We review recent advances in classifications of circulation patterns as a specific research
area within synoptic climatology. The review starts with a general description of goals of …

The evidence for the Little Ice Age, the most important fluctuation in global climate in
historical times, is most dramatically represented by the advance of mountain glaciers in the …

This is the second edition of Climate Time Series Analysis which was first published in 2010.
In this digital age, a second edition means not that the first edition of a book has been sold …

" The Unending Frontier brings into focus the staggering environmental changes that came
with the creation of the early modern world economy. John Richards assembles material …

This paper discusses the state of European research in historical climatology. This field of
science and an overview of its development are described in detail. Special attention is …

This review focuses on the development of the 'Little Ice Age'as a glaciological and climatic
concept, and evaluates its current usefulness in the light of new data on the glacier and …

Abstract The Little Ice Age (LIA) is known as one of the coldest stages of the Holocene. Most
records from the Northern Hemisphere show evidence of significantly colder conditions …

We present seasonal precipitation reconstructions for European land areas (30° W to 40°
E/30–71° N; given on a 0.5°× 0.5° resolved grid) covering the period 1500–1900 together …

Extreme river floods have been a substantial natural hazard in Europe over the past
centuries, and radiative effects of recent anthropogenic changes in atmospheric composition …