Various mechanisms in the mammalian body provide resilience against food deprivation
and dietary stress. The ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is synthesized in the liver from …

Elevated protein catabolism and protein malnutrition are common in patients with chronic
kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The underlying etiology …

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disorder defined by a cluster of interconnected
factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular atherosclerotic diseases and diabetes …

In both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, the late diabetic complications in nerve, vascular
endothelium, and kidney arise from chronic elevations of glucose and possibly other …

Diabetic nephropathy is a well-known complication of diabetes and is a leading cause of
chronic renal failure in the Western world. It is characterized by the accumulation of …

Natural products have been extensively investigated for antidiabetic therapy. Many of the
natural products have direct or indirect effect in diabetes pathways as enzyme inhibitors. The …

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder resulting from a defect in insulin secretion,
insulin action, or both. Insulin deficiency in turn leads to chronic hyperglycaemia with …

Glucokinase, a unique isoform of the hexokinase enzymes, which are known to
phosphorylate d-glucose and other hexoses, was identified during the past three to four …

Previous studies implicate the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (VMN) in glycemic
control. Here, we report that selective inhibition of the subset of VMN neurons that express …

A growing body of evidence suggests that hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress plays an
important role in diabetic complications, especially β-cell dysfunction and failure. Under …