Cross-linking mass spectrometry for investigating protein conformations and protein–protein interactions─ a method for all seasons

L Piersimoni, PL Kastritis, C Arlt, A Sinz - Chemical Reviews, 2021 - ACS Publications
Mass spectrometry (MS) has become one of the key technologies of structural biology. In this
review, the contributions of chemical cross-linking combined with mass spectrometry (XL …

An updated evolutionary classification of CRISPR–Cas systems

KS Makarova, YI Wolf, OS Alkhnbashi… - Nature reviews …, 2015 - nature.com
The evolution of CRISPR–cas loci, which encode adaptive immune systems in archaea and
bacteria, involves rapid changes, in particular numerous rearrangements of the locus …

C2c2 is a single-component programmable RNA-guided RNA-targeting CRISPR effector

OO Abudayyeh, JS Gootenberg, S Konermann… - Science, 2016 - science.org
INTRODUCTION Almost all archaea and about half of bacteria possess clustered regularly
interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)–CRISPR-associated genes (Cas) adaptive …

Diverse evolutionary roots and mechanistic variations of the CRISPR-Cas systems

P Mohanraju, KS Makarova, B Zetsche, F Zhang… - Science, 2016 - science.org
BACKGROUND Prokaryotes have evolved multiple systems to combat invaders such as
viruses and plasmids. Examples of such defense systems include receptor masking …

The gRAMP CRISPR-Cas effector is an RNA endonuclease complexed with a caspase-like peptidase

SPB van Beljouw, AC Haagsma, A Rodríguez-Molina… - Science, 2021 - science.org
Type III CRISPR-Cas immunity is widespread in prokaryotes and is generally mediated by
multisubunit effector complexes. These complexes recognize complementary viral …

[HTML][HTML] The CRISPR-Cas immune system: biology, mechanisms and applications

D Rath, L Amlinger, A Rath, M Lundgren - Biochimie, 2015 - Elsevier
Viruses are a common threat to cellular life, not the least to bacteria and archaea who
constitute the majority of life on Earth. Consequently, a variety of mechanisms to resist virus …

PAM identification by CRISPR-Cas effector complexes: diversified mechanisms and structures

D Gleditzsch, P Pausch, H Müller-Esparza, A Özcan… - RNA biology, 2019 - Taylor & Francis
Adaptive immunity of prokaryotes is mediated by CRISPR-Cas systems that employ a large
variety of Cas protein effectors to identify and destroy foreign genetic material. The different …

Crosslinking and mass spectrometry: an integrated technology to understand the structure and function of molecular machines

A Leitner, M Faini, F Stengel, R Aebersold - Trends in biochemical …, 2016 - cell.com
In recent years, chemical crosslinking of protein complexes and the identification of
crosslinked residues by mass spectrometry (XL-MS; sometimes abbreviated as CX-MS) has …

Alternative functions of CRISPR–Cas systems in the evolutionary arms race

P Mohanraju, C Saha, P van Baarlen… - Nature Reviews …, 2022 - nature.com
CRISPR–Cas systems of bacteria and archaea comprise chromosomal loci with typical
repetitive clusters and associated genes encoding a range of Cas proteins. Adaptation of …

Proteome-wide profiling of protein assemblies by cross-linking mass spectrometry

F Liu, DTS Rijkers, H Post, AJR Heck - Nature methods, 2015 - nature.com
We describe an integrated workflow that robustly identifies cross-links from endogenous
protein complexes in human cellular lysates. Our approach is based on the application of …