▪ Abstract Dendritic cells (DCs) have several functions in innate and adaptive immunity. In
addition, there is increasing evidence that DCs in situ induce antigen-specific …

Dendritic cells (DC) are unique hematopoietic cells, linking innate and adaptive immune
responses. In particular, they are considered as the most potent antigen presenting cells …

T lymphocytes undergo proliferation arrest when exposed to tryptophan shortage, which can
be provoked by indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme that is expressed in …

Abstract Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an enzyme that degrades the essential
amino acid tryptophan. The concept that cells expressing IDO can suppress T-cell …

Regulatory T (TR) cells manifest constitutive expression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte–
associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), but the function of CTLA-4 in mediating the regulatory …

Abstract Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a tryptophan-catabolizing enzyme that,
expressed by different cell types, has regulatory effects on T cells resulting from tryptophan …

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) plays a critical role in peripheral
tolerance. However, regulatory pathways initiated by the interactions of CTLA-4 with B7 …

Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) can induce tolerance or immunity. We describe a subset of
human APCs that express indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) and inhibit T cell …

IDO1 (indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1) is a member of a unique class of mammalian haem
dioxygenases that catalyse the oxidative catabolism of the least-abundant essential amino …

One mechanism contributing to immunologic unresponsiveness toward tumors may be
presentation of tumor antigens by tolerogenic host APCs. We show that mouse tumor …