Cellular immune responses consist of innate and adaptive cell-mediated immune
mechanisms, where all leukocyte subpopulations are included. Among these are vital …

Fish mucus layers are the main surface of exchange between fish and the environment, and
they possess important biological and ecological functions. Fish mucus research is …

This study evaluated the effects of dietary soybean lecithin (SBL) on the growth,
haematological indices, immunities, antioxidant capabilities, and inflammatory and intestinal …

Fish skin is the largest immunologically active mucosal organ, providing first-line defense
against external pathogens. However, the skin-associated immune mechanisms of fish are …

Candidate genes associated with migration have been identified in multiple taxa: including
salmonids, many of whom perform migrations requiring a series of physiological changes …

The parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis infecting skin, fins and gills of a wide range of
freshwater fish species, including rainbow trout, is known to induce a protective immune …

Salmonids are affected by the economically significant whirling disease (WD) caused by the
myxozoan parasite Myxobolus cerebralis. In the past, it was endemic to Eurasia, but it has …

Amoebic gill disease (AGD) is one of the main diseases affecting Atlantic salmon (Salmo
salar L.) mariculture. Hallmarks of AGD are hyperplasia of the lamellar epithelium and …

The complement system comprises a large family of plasma proteins that play a central role
in innate and adaptive immunity. To better understand the evolution of the complement …

Land-based recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) are widely utilized for turbot
(Scophthalmus maximus) culture. Flow velocity in the tank is essential to maintain water …