The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family is composed of 18 secreted signaling proteins
consisting of canonical FGFs and endocrine FGFs that activate four receptor tyrosine …

The objective of lung development is to generate an organ of gas exchange that provides
both a thin gas diffusion barrier and a large gas diffusion surface area, which concomitantly …

Alveolarization is the process by which the alveoli, the principal gas exchange units of the
lung, are formed. Along with the maturation of the pulmonary vasculature, alveolarization is …

Phenotypic alterations in resident vascular cells contribute to the vascular remodeling
process in diseases such as pulmonary (arterial) hypertension [P (A) H]. How the molecular …

The lung is morphologically structured into a complex tree-like network with branched
airways ending distally in a large number of alveoli for efficient oxygen exchange. At the …

Pulmonary mesenchymal cells are critical players in both the mouse and human during lung
development and disease states. They are increasingly recognized as highly …

Healthy children are more likely to die of influenza A virus (IAV) infection than healthy adults.
However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the impact of young age on the …

Yearly more than 15 million babies are born premature (< 37 weeks gestational age),
accounting for more than 1 in 10 births worldwide. Lung injury caused by maternal …

Blood vessels are essential for blood circulation but also control organ growth, homeostasis,
and regeneration, which has been attributed to the release of paracrine signals by …

Background Gas exchange represents the key physiological function of the lung, and is
dependent upon proper formation of the delicate alveolar structure. Malformation or …