Industrial decarbonization is a daunting challenge given the relative lack of low-carbon
options available for “hard to decarbonize” industries such as iron and steel, cement, and …

The iron and steel industry is the largest coal consumer and the most greenhouse gas
intensive industry. It consumes about 7% of global energy supply, and conservative …

The steel sector currently accounts for 7% of global energy-related CO2 emissions and
requires deep reform to disconnect from fossil fuels. Here, we investigate the market …

Steel production is a difficult-to-mitigate sector that challenges climate mitigation
commitments. Efforts for future decarbonization can benefit from understanding its progress …

The steel industry is considered the most important basic industry and is crucial role for
strengthening the national economy; however, its high energy intensity and carbon …

The 2018 IPCC (The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's) report defined the goal
to limit global warming to 1.5 C by 2050. This will require “rapid and far-reaching transitions …

High electricity cost is the biggest challenge faced by the steel industry in transitioning to
hydrogen based steelmaking. A steel plant in Norway could have access to cheap, emission …

Deep decarbonisation of energy-intensive industries, such as steel production, will be
required to achieve the European Union's climate targets. Green hydrogen technology has …

Industries account for about 30% of total final energy consumption worldwide and about
20% of global CO2 emissions. While transitions towards renewable energy have occurred in …

The Swedish steel industry stands before a potential transition to drastically lower its CO 2
emissions using direct hydrogen reduction instead of continuing with coke-based blast …