Coronaviruses (CoVs) constitute a large and diverse subfamily of positive-sense single-
stranded RNA viruses. They are found in many mammals and birds and have great …

RNA recombination is a major driving force in the evolution and genetic architecture shaping
of enteroviruses. In particular, intertypic recombination is implicated in the emergence of …

To ensure the safety of wastewater reuse for irrigation of food crops and drinking water
pathogenic viruses must be reduced to levels that pose no significant risk. To achieve this …

Human enterovirus D68 (EV-D68), a member of the species Enterovirus D of the
Picornaviridae family, was first isolated in 1962 in the United States. EV-D68 infection was …

Enteroviruses (EVs) are positive-sense RNA viruses, with over 50,000 nucleotide
sequences publicly available. While most human infections are typically associated with …

Enterovirus (EV) 71 caused episodes of outbreaks in China and Southeast Asia during the
last few decades. We have previously reported that EV71 induces reactive oxygen species …

Recombination is a driving force for the emergence, evolution and virulence/epidemics of
viruses, comprising the Enterovirus genus of the Picornaviridae family, important for human …

Members of Picornaviridae and of the Hepacivirus, Pegivirus and Pestivirus genera of
Flaviviridae all contain an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) in the 5′-untranslated region …

Many pathogenic viruses are endemic among human populations and can cause a broad
variety of diseases, some potentially leading to devastating pandemics. How virus …

EV-D68 is associated with respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Since its first isolation, EV-D68
has been detected sporadically. However, the US and Canada have experienced outbreaks …