Importance Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the 2 leading causes of death in the US,
and vitamin and mineral supplementation has been proposed to help prevent these …

The etiology of endemic rickets was discovered a century ago. Vitamin D is the precursor of
25-hydroxyvitamin D and other metabolites, including 1, 25 (OH) 2D, the ligand for the …

Importance Vitamin D and calcium supplements are recommended for the prevention of
fracture, but previous randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have reported conflicting results, with …

Background The effects of vitamin D on fractures, falls, and bone mineral density are
uncertain, particularly for high vitamin D doses. We aimed to determine the effect of vitamin …

Importance The increased social and economic burdens for osteoporosis-related fractures
worldwide make the prevention of such injuries a major public health goal. Previous studies …

Background Numerous studies demonstrate associations between serum concentrations of
25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 [OH] D) and a variety of common disorders, including …

Background A large number of observational studies have reported harmful effects of low 25-
hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels on non-skeletal outcomes. We performed a systematic …

Objective: The aim of the present study was to explore whether combined calcium and
vitamin D supplementation is beneficial for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women …

The aim was to meta-analyze randomized controlled trials of calcium plus vitamin D
supplementation and fracture prevention. Meta-analysis showed a significant 15% reduced …

Background Vitamin D and related compounds have been used to prevent osteoporotic
fractures in older people. This is the third update of a Cochrane review first published in …