Snap‐through bistability is often observed in nature (eg, fast snapping to closure of Venus
flytrap) and the life (eg, bottle caps and hair clippers). Recently, harnessing bistability and …

Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs), owing to their intrinsic anisotropic property and capability
of generating programmable complex morphologies under heat, have been widely used for …

The rapid development of 3D printing has led to considerable progress in the field of
biomedical engineering. Notably, 4D printing provides a potential strategy to achieve a time …

Intelligence of physical agents, such as human-made (eg, robots, autonomous cars) and
biological (eg, animals, plants) ones, is not only enabled by their computational intelligence …

Recent years have seen major advances in the developments of both additive
manufacturing concepts and responsive materials. When combined as 4D printing, the …

Remote controllable photothermal elastomers can realize precise non-contact control
through the photothermal conversion effect, highlighting a new routine for light energy …

Recent experiments have revealed a new end-to-end ribbon spiral structure capable of
demonstrating two interconnected periodic zero-energy-mode self-rotation-eversion in …

Self-oscillation can harvest energy directly from the environment to maintain its motion and
is characterized by its autonomy, with various promising applications in the fields of …

Soft actuators controlled by untethered methods have aroused growing attention on account
of their flexibility and controllability. Soft actuators shaped in a one-dimensional structure are …

Active materials hold substantial potential for self-sustaining motion, however, the
dependency on movable light or extensive area illumination in current structures often …