The current state and surface conditions of the Earth and its twin planet Venus are drastically
different. Whether these differences are directly inherited from the earliest stages of …

Impacts may have had a significant effect on the atmospheric chemistry of the early Earth.
Reduced phases in the impactor (eg, metallic iron) can reduce the planet's H 2 O inventory …

Abstract About 2.5 billion years ago, microbes learned to harness plentiful solar energy to
reduce CO 2 with H 2 O, extracting energy and producing O 2 as waste. O 2 production from …

The degassing of CO2 and S from arc volcanoes is fundamentally important to global
climate, eruption forecasting, ore deposits, and the cycling of volatiles through subduction …

The geology of Earth and super‐Earth sized planets will, in many cases, only be observable
via their atmospheres. Here, we investigate secondary volcanic atmospheres as a key base …

The disequilibrium combination of abundant methane and carbon dioxide has been
proposed as a promising exoplanet biosignature that is readily detectable with upcoming …

Abstract T​​​​​​ he enigmatic nature of 55 Cancri e has defied theoretical explanation.
Any explanation needs to account for the observed variability of its secondary eclipse depth …

From core to atmosphere, the oxidation states of elements in a planet shape its character.
Oxygen fugacity () is one parameter indicating these likely oxidation states. The ongoing …

Ocean-vaporizing impacts of chemically reduced planetesimals onto the early Earth have
been suggested to catalyze atmospheric production of reduced nitrogen compounds and …

Late accretion onto the Hadean Earth included large impacts that could have influenced
early habitability, either by sterilizing the planet or alternatively catalyzing the origin of life by …