Force fields (FFs) form the basis of molecular simulations and have significant implications
in diverse fields such as materials science, chemistry, physics, and biology. A suitable FF is …

When porous materials are subjected to compressive loads, localized failure chains,
commonly termed anticracks, can occur and cause large-scale structural failure. Similar to …

Snow is a heterogeneous material with intricate properties at both macroscopic and
microscopic levels. Its porous structure and polymorphism contribute to its enigmatic and …

A snow slab avalanche releases after failure initiation and crack propagation in a highly
porous weak snow layer buried below a cohesive slab. While our knowledge of crack …

Shallow landslides pose a significant threat to people and infrastructure. Despite significant
progress in the understanding of such phenomena, the evaluation of the size of the …

For the release of a slab avalanche, crack propagation within a weak snowpack layer below
a cohesive snow slab is required. As crack speed measurements can give insight into …

Snow, as an important component of the cryosphere, holds a crucial role in the construction
of polar infrastructure. However, the current research on the mechanical properties of snow …

Spatial variability of snowpack properties adds uncertainty in the evaluation of avalanche
hazard. We propose a combined mechanical–statistical approach to study how spatial …

For a slab avalanche to release, the system, consisting of a weak layer below a cohesive
slab, must facilitate crack propagation over large distances–a process we call dynamic crack …

With ongoing global warming, snow avalanche dynamics may change as snow cohesion
and friction strongly depend on temperature. In the field, a diversity of avalanche flow …