Water is essential to life, but many people do not have access to clean and safe drinking
water and many die of waterborne bacterial infections. In this review a general …

This review surveys the literature on carriage and transmission of enterohemorrhagic
Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157: H7 in the context of virulence factors and sampling/culture …

Fecal pollution of recreational waters can cause scenic blight and pose a threat to public
health, resulting in beach advisories and closures. Fecal indicator bacteria (total and fecal …

Pollution of water by sewage and run-off from farms produces a serious public health
problem in many countries. Viruses, along with bacteria and protozoa in the intestine or in …

There is increasing evidence of the contribution of irrigation water in the contamination of
produce leading to subsequent outbreaks of foodborne illness. This is a particular risk in the …

Pathogen spillover between different host species is the trigger for many infectious disease
outbreaks and emergence events, and ecosystem boundary areas have been suggested as …

Historically, organic amendments—organic wastes—have been the main source of plant
nutrients, especially N. Their use allows better management of often-finite resources to …

There is increasing evidence that consumption of raw fresh produce is a major factor
contributing to human gastrointestinal illness. A wide variety of pathogens contribute to …

Cryptosporidium spp. are coccidians, oocysts‐forming apicomplexan protozoa, which
complete their life cycle both in humans and animals, through zoonotic and anthroponotic …

Salmonella is one of the leading causes of intestinal illness all over the world as well as the
etiological agent of more severe systemic diseases such as typhoid and paratyphoid fevers …