Iron is an essential micronutrient that is problematic for biological systems since it is toxic as
it generates free radicals by interconverting between ferrous (Fe 2+) and ferric (Fe 3+) forms …

Iron is an essential component in many biological processes in the human body. It is critical
for the visual phototransduction cascade in the retina. However, excess iron can be toxic …

Adeno-associated viral vectors (AAVs) have become popular for gene therapy, given their
many advantages, including their reduced inflammatory profile compared with that of other …

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of age-related macular
degeneration, the leading cause of blindness in older adults, with retinal pigment epithelium …

Methods.: NaIO 3 at 10, 20, or 30 mg/kg was administered by retro-orbital injection into adult
C57BL/6J mice. Phenotypic and functional changes of the retina were assessed at 1, 3, 5 …

Complement dysregulation is a feature of many retinal diseases, yet mechanistic
understanding at the cellular level is limited. Given this knowledge gap about which retinal …

AIM To examine light-emitting-diode (LED)-induced retinal neuronal cell damage and its
wavelength-driven pathogenic mechanisms. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were …

Purpose: Complement system dysregulation is strongly linked to the progression of age-
related macular degeneration (AMD). Deposition of complement including C3 within the …

Intracellular Fe plays a key role in redox active energy and electron transfer. We sought to
understand how Fe levels impact the retina, given that retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells …

Iron (Fe) accumulation in cytoplasmic storages of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium
(RPE) with age has been reported to be a contributing factor to the onset and progression of …