Cholangiocytes are epithelial cells that line the intra-and extrahepatic ducts of the biliary
tree. The main physiologic function of cholangiocytes is modification of hepatocyte-derived …

This review focuses on the hypothesis that biliary HCO secretion in humans serves to
maintain an alkaline pH near the apical surface of hepatocytes and cholangiocytes to …

Livers are comprised of maturational lineages of cells beginning extrahepatically in the
hepato-pancreatic common duct near the duodenum and intrahepatically in zone 1 by the …

Microvilli are cellular membrane protrusions present on differentiated epithelial cells, which
can sense and interact with the surrounding fluid environment. Biochemical and genetic …

Tissues including liver stiffen and acquire more extracellular matrix with fibrosis. The
relationship between matrix content and stiffness, however, is non-linear, and stiffness is …

Key points• Neurons can be damaged when tissues are stretched or swollen; while
astrocytes can contribute to this process, the mechanosensitive response from neurons is …

Cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells lining intrahepatic bile ducts, contain primary cilia, which
are mechano-and osmosensory organelles detecting changes in bile flow and osmolality …

Liver tissue engineering aims at the possibility of reproducing a fully functional organ for the
treatment of acute and chronic liver disorders. Approaches in this field endeavor to replace …

Purinergic signalling plays major roles in the physiology and pathophysiology of digestive
organs. Adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP), together with nitric oxide and vasoactive …

The liver fulfills central roles in metabolic control and detoxification and, as such, is
continuously exposed to a plethora of insults. Importantly, the liver has a unique ability to …