The alphaviruses are a genus of 26 enveloped viruses that cause disease in humans and
domestic animals. Mosquitoes or other hematophagous arthropods serve as vectors for …

Alphaviruses are small, spherical, enveloped, positive-sense ssRNA viruses responsible for
a considerable number of human and animal diseases. Alphavirus members include …

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne alphavirus that has caused
widespread outbreaks of debilitating human disease in the past five years. CHIKV invasion …

Semliki Forest virus (SFV) has been extensively studied as a model for analyzing entry of
enveloped viruses into target cells. Here we describe the trace of the polypeptide chain of …

Liposomes are being increasingly utilized to deliver drugs, enzymes, antisense
oligonucleotides, and genes to various therapeutic targets. Liposome-mediated delivery of …

The CD4 antigen is the high affinity cellular receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus
type-1 (HIV-1). Binding of recombinant soluble CD4 (sCD4) or the purified V1 domain of …

Biochemical, genetic, and morphological criteria were used to demonstrate that human
cytomegalovirus penetrates permissive fibroblasts and nonpermissive Chinese hamster …

Common themes are emerging from the study of viral, cell-cell, intracellular, and liposome
fusion. Viral and cellular membrane fusion events are mediated by fusion proteins or fusion …

Publisher Summary In addition to its many other functions, the plasma membrane of
eukaryotic cells serves as a barrier against invading parasites and viruses. It is not …

Alphaviruses are small, enveloped viruses,~ 70 nm in diameter, containing a single‐
stranded, positive‐sense, RNA genome. Viruses belonging to this genus are predominantly …