The composition of Mars' crust records the planet's integrated geologic history and provides
clues to its differentiation. Spacecraft and meteorite data now provide a global view of the …

Abstract The Interior exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy, and Heat Transport
(InSight) Mission will focus on Mars' interior structure and evolution. The basic structure of …

Abstract The Mars rover Spirit encountered outcrops and regolith composed of opaline silica
(amorphous SiO2· n H2O) in an ancient volcanic hydrothermal setting in Gusev crater. An …

Mars accumulated and differentiated into crust, mantle and core within a few tens of millions
of years of Solar System formation. Formation of Hellas, which has been adopted as the …

Valley networks, concentrations of dendritic channels that often suggest widespread pluvial
and fluvial activity, have been cited as indicators that the climate of Mars differed significantly …

The presence of outcrops and soil (regolith) rich in opaline silica (∼ 65–92 wt% SiO2) in
association with volcanic materials adjacent to the “Home Plate” feature in Gusev crater is …

We report on numerical modeling results of postimpact cooling of craters with diameters of
30, 100, and 180 km in an early Martian environment, with and without the presence of …

Rocks on the floor of Gusev crater are basalts of uniform composition and mineralogy.
Olivine, the only mineral to have been identified or inferred from data by all instruments on …

Erosion rates derived from the Gusev cratered plains and the erosion of weak sulfates by
saltating sand at Meridiani Planum are so slow that they argue that the present dry and …

The process of identifying the landing site for NASA's Mars 2020 rover began in 2013 by
defining threshold mission science criteria related to seeking signs of ancient habitable …