Oxidation–reduction (redox) reactions are central to the existence of life. Reactive species of
oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur mediate redox control of a wide range of essential cellular …

H 2 O 2 signals trigger adaptive responses affecting cell division, differentiation, migration,
and survival. These signals are transduced by selective oxidation of cysteines on specific …

Despite the overwhelming number of sports supplements on the market, only seven are
currently recognized as effective. Biological functions are largely regulated through redox …

Cysteine redox proteoforms define the diverse molecular states that proteins with cysteine
residues can adopt. A protein with one cysteine residue must adopt one of two binary …

Chloroplasts fix carbon by using light energy and have evolved a complex redox network
that supports plastid functions by (i) protecting against reactive oxygen species and (ii) …

Thioredoxin, glutaredoxin and peroxiredoxin systems play central roles in redox regulation,
signaling and metabolism in cells. In these systems, reducing equivalents from NAD (P) H …

Formidable and often seemingly insurmountable conceptual, technical, and methodological
challenges hamper the measurement of oxidative stress in humans. For instance, fraught …

Abstract Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2), a natural metabolite commonly found in aerobic
organisms, plays a crucial role in numerous cellular signaling processes. One of the key …

Developmental and environmental constraints influence genome expression through
complex panels of regulatory mechanisms. Epigenetic modifications and remodelling of …

A critical feature of the cellular antioxidant response is the induction of gene expression by
redox-sensitive transcription factors. In many cells, activating these transcription factors is a …