Convergence in morphology can result from evolutionary adaptations in species living in
environments with similar selective pressures. Here, we investigate whether the shape of the …

The identification of anthropogenically-modified carnivoran bones in archaeological sites is
rare in Pleistocene contexts, especially in the most ancient periods. Neanderthal groups …

The locomotor environment and behavior of quadrupedal mammals exert functional
constraints on their limbs. Therefore long bone shapes are thought to reflect at least partially …

For a long time, it is controversial whether cave bears have ever lived in China during the
Pleistocene. Here we checked the published and unpublished bear fossils from …

Background Morphological diversity of limb bone lengths, diameters, and proportions in
mammals is known to vary strongly with locomotor habit. It remains less well known how …

The nine-banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus, is a member of the family Dasypodidae,
which contains all extant species of armadillos and represents the most diverse group of …

Atlas of Terrestrial Mammal Limbs is the first comprehensive and detailed anatomy book on
a broad phylogenetic and ecological range of mammals. This extraordinary new work …

The global environment is faced with growing threats from anthropogenic disturbance,
propelling the Earth into a 6th mass extinction. For the world's mammals, this is reflected in …

Background The increase in locomotor and metabolic performance during mammalian
evolution was accompanied by the limitation of the number of cervical vertebrae to only …

The arboreal environment is complex and irregular and imposes significant constraints on
the locomotor ability of vertebrates, resulting in morphological adaptations. Carnivorans are …