• The specific situation of the patient. Unless otherwise provided for by national regulations,
off-label use of medication should be limited to situations where it is in the patient's interest …

Potential Biases Most studies of IE are affected by selection, survival, and referral bias. They
make it difficult to study the natural history of IE in the general population, because treated …

Before the 1970s, 30% to 50% of US children with IE had underlying rheumatic heart
disease. 9 Because the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease has declined in developed …

In the last decade, as a result of the widespread use of PCR and DNA sequencing, 16S
rDNA sequencing has played a pivotal role in the accurate identification of bacterial isolates …

The BSAC guidelines on treatment of infectious endocarditis (IE) were last published in
2004. The guidelines presented here have been updated and extended to reflect …

Background. Blood culture-negative endocarditis (BCNE) may account for up to 31% of all
cases of endocarditis. Methods. We used a prospective, multimodal strategy incorporating …

Sepsis, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world, is a clinical
syndrome with signs and symptoms relating to an infectious event and the consequent …

Aim Fatality of infective endocarditis (IE) is high worldwide, and its diagnosis remains a
challenge. The objective of the present study was to compare the clinical characteristics and …

Clinical microbiology laboratories worldwide have historically relied on phenotypic methods
(ie, culture and biochemical tests) for detection, identification and characterization of …

Blood culture-negative endocarditis is often severe, and difficult to diagnose. The rate of non-
documented infective endocarditis has decreased with the advent of molecular biology …