Assumptions on the neural basis of cognition usually focus on cortical mechanisms. Birds
have no cortex, but recent studies in parrots and corvids show that their cognitive skills are …

Confidence judgements, self-assessments about the quality of a subject's knowledge, are
considered a central example of metacognition. Prima facie, introspection and self-report …

Sometimes we accept propositions, sometimes we reject them, and sometimes we take
propositions to be worth considering but not yet established, as merely possible. The result …

Metacognition allows one to monitor and adaptively control cognitive processes. Reports
from the last 15 years show that when given the opportunity, nonhuman animals selectively …

Do nonhuman animals share humans' capacity for metacognition—that is, for monitoring or
regulating their own cognitive states? Comparative psychologists have approached this …

Categorization is essential for survival, and it is a widely studied cognitive adaptation in
humans and animals. An influential neuroscience perspective differentiates in humans an …

When confronted with uncertain or incomplete information in decision-making situations,
monkeys and apes opt for either escaping the situation or seeking additional information …

Humans feel uncertain. They know when they do not know. These feelings and the
responses to them ground the research literature on metacognition. It is a natural question …

Animals (including humans) often face circumstances in which the best choice of action is
not certain. Environmental cues may be ambiguous, and choices may be risky. This paper …

A growing literature considers whether animals have capacities that are akin to human
metacognition (ie, humans' capacity to monitor their states of uncertainty and knowing) …