According to life‐history theory, growth rates are subject to strong directional selection due
to reproductive and survival advantages associated with large adult body size. Yet, growth is …

Recent work has documented a wide range of important psychological differences across
societies. Multiple explanations have been offered for why such differences exist, including …

Predator‐induced stress has been used to exemplify the concept of stress for close to a
century because almost everyone can imagine the terror of fleeing for one's life from a lion or …

Arthropod generalist predators (AGP) are widespread and abundant in both aquatic and
terrestrial ecosystems. They feed upon herbivores, detritivores, and predators, and also on …

Phenotypic plasticity is a fascinating concept of immense importance to biology Like
evolutionary theory, phenotypic plasticity is all-encompassing, connecting virtually all fields …

Self-medication is a specific therapeutic behavioral change in response to disease or
parasitism. The empirical literature on self-medication has so far focused entirely on …

Phenotypic plasticity describes the capacity of a genotype to exhibit a range of phenotypes
in response to variation in the environment. Environmental variation encompasses both …

Environments experienced by organisms during early development shape the character and
timing of developmental processes, leading to different probabilities of survival in the …

Most animals have complex life cycles including metamorphosis or other discrete life stage
transitions, during which individuals may be particularly vulnerable to environmental …

Amphibian tadpoles display extensive anti-predator phenotypic plasticity, reducing
locomotory activity and, with chronic predator exposure, developing relatively smaller trunks …