The question addressed in this paper is: If we present to a user an AI system that explains
how it works, how do we know whether the explanation works and the user has achieved a …

If a user is presented an AI system that portends to explain how it works, how do we know
whether the explanation works and the user has achieved a pragmatic understanding of the …

This article is a survey of program visualization systems intended for teaching beginners
about the runtime behavior of computer programs. Our focus is on generic systems that are …

First published in 1987, Learning by Expanding challenges traditional theories that consider
learning a process of acquisition and reorganization of cognitive structures within the closed …

Illustrations that instruct foster acquisition of knowledge in the learner and are of particular
value in helping a learner to build a mental model of how something works. Decorative …

MANY theories have been advanced over the years to explain why people behave as they
do. Until recently the most common view, popularized by various personality doctrines …

Learning involves the integration of new information into existing knowledge. Generating
explanations to oneself (self-explaining) facilitates that integration process. Previously, self …

Since its first publication in two volumes between 1918-1923, The Decline of the West has
ranked as one of the most widely read and most talked about books of our time. In all its …

The notion that humans have “mental models” of the systems with which they interact is
ubiquitous in many domains of study. In this article we review the ways in which different …

Interest is just emerging as a critical bridge between cognitive and affective issues in both
learning and development. This developing" interest" in interest appears to be linked to an …