Plastids communicate their developmental and physiological status to the nucleus via
retrograde signaling, allowing nuclear gene expression to be adjusted appropriately …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in plant development and stress
responses, acting as key components in rapid signalling pathways. The 'ROS wave'triggers …

The development of photosynthetically competent seedlings requires both light and
retrograde biogenic signaling pathways. The transcription factor GLK1 functions at the …

Chlorophyll (Chl)-mediated oxygenic photosynthesis sustains life on Earth. Greening leaves
play fundamental roles in plant growth and crop yield, correlating with the idea that more …

Maize plastid terminal oxidase1 (ZmPTOX1) plays a pivotal role in seed development by
upholding redox balance within seed plastids. This study focuses on characterizing the …

Fruit ripening is a complex process that involves the coordination of genes, hormones, and
environmental factors. Understanding the mechanism of fruit ripening is important to improve …

Cadmium (Cd) uptake from polluted soils inhibits plant growth and disturbs physiological
processes, at least partly due to disturbances in the cellular redox environment. Although the …

Retrograde signaling conceptually means the transfer of signals from semi‐autonomous cell
organelles to the nucleus to modulate nuclear gene expression. A generalized explanation …

During Arabidopsis embryogenesis, the transition of the embryo's symmetry from radial to
bilateral between the globular and heart stage is a crucial event, involving the formation of …

The chloroplast is an important cellular organelle and metabolic hub, which is not only
responsible for plant photosynthesis but is also involved in the de novo biosynthesis of …