The chemokine ligand CCL2 and its receptor CCR2 are implicated in the initiation and
progression of various cancers. CCL2 can activate tumour cell growth and proliferation …

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common chronic kidney disease. Accumulation of
glucose and metabolites activates resident macrophages in kidneys. Resident macrophages …

Macrophages are widely distributed throughout various tissues of the body, and mounting
evidence suggests their involvement in regulating the tissue microenvironment, thereby …

The renal interstitial fibrosis contributes to the progression and deterioration of diabetic
nephropathy (DN). Long noncoding RNA taurine-up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) in kidneys …

Iridoid glycosides (IGs) are found in many medicinal and edible plants, such as Gardenia
jasminoides, Cistanche tubulosa, Eucommia ulmoides, Rehmanniae Radix, Lonicera …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Sargentodoxa cuneata and Patrinia villosa (S&P) are two
natural herbal medicine widely used for treatment of various inflammatory diseases in …

Background Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a pathological process that
follows immediate revascularization of myocardial infarction and is characterized by …

Progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) caused by retinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR)
injury can lead to irreversible vision impairment, with neuroinflammatory responses playing …

BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) is a transmembrane glycoprotein,
known as a pseudo-receptor for TGFβ, as, while its extracellular domain is similar to that of …

Aim Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the severe microvascular complications of type
2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which eventually leads to irreversible renal damage and …