Long disregarded as junk DNA or genomic dark matter, endogenous retroviruses (ERVs)
have turned out to represent important components of the antiviral immune response. These …

The diseases caused by viruses posed a great challenge to human health, the development
of which was driven by the imbalanced host immune response. Host innate immunity is an …

The chicken continues to hold its position as a leading model organism within many areas of
research, as well as being a major source of protein for human consumption. The First …

Avian leukosis (AL) is a general term for a variety of neoplastic diseases in avian caused by
avian leukosis virus (ALV). No vaccine or drug is currently available for the disease …

Simple Summary Historically avian leukosis has produced severe economic losses, due to
decreased productivity, higher mortality from immunosuppression-associated infections, and …

The pervasive role of the innate immune system is established by interferons. Emerging
research shows an underappreciated ability of macrophages to regulate and propagate …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a pulmonary vascular disease characterized by
the progressive elevation of pulmonary arterial pressures. It is becoming increasingly …

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are repetitive sequences in the genome, belonging to the
retrotransposon family. During the course of life, ERVs are associated with multiple aspects …

Endogenous viral elements (EVEs) are genetic remnants of viruses that have integrated into
host genomes millions of years ago and retained as heritable elements passed on to …

Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J), an oncogenic retrovirus, is known to cause
immunosuppression and various types of cancer in chickens. Recent reports have shown …