Singularities in any physical theory are either remarkable indicators of the unknown
underlying fundamental theory, or indicate a change in the description of the physical reality …

We systematically review some standard issues and also the latest developments of
modified gravity in cosmology, emphasizing on inflation, bouncing cosmology and late-time …

Over recent decades, the role of torsion in gravity has been extensively investigated along
the main direction of bringing gravity closer to its gauge formulation and incorporating spin …

We review different dark energy cosmologies. In particular, we present the Λ CDM
cosmology, Little Rip and Pseudo-Rip universes, the phantom and quintessence …

The classical generalization of general relativity is considered as the gravitational alternative
for a unified description of the early-time inflation with late-time cosmic acceleration. The …

Over the past decade, f (R) theories have been extensively studied as one of the simplest
modifications to General Relativity. In this article we review various applications of f (R) …

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We review the paradigm of quintom cosmology. This scenario is motivated by the
observational indications that the equation-of-state of dark energy across the cosmological …

Mimetic gravity is a Weyl‐symmetric extension of General Relativity, related to the latter by a
singular disformal transformation, wherein the appearance of a dust‐like perfect fluid can …

We review inflationary cosmology in modified gravity such as R 2 gravity with its extensions
in order to generalize the Starobinsky inflation model. In particular, we explore inflation …