With the ongoing expansion of wind energy onshore and offshore, large-scale wind-farm-
flow effects in a temporally-and spatially-heterogeneous atmosphere become increasingly …

More than 12 GW of offshore wind turbines are currently in operation in European waters. To
optimise the use of the marine areas, wind farms are typically clustered in units of several …

The potential impact of offshore wind farms through decreasing sea surface wind speed on
the shear forcing and its consequences for the ocean dynamics are investigated. Based on …

Within the rapidly growing wind energy sector, floating offshore wind turbines are expected
to be the fastest growing portion. This is largely driven by the immense offshore wind …

We present an analysis of wind measurements from a series of airborne campaigns
conducted to sample the wakes from two North Sea wind farm clusters, with the aim of …

Offshore wind energy has seen a steady increase in the latest years as it serves as an ideal
alternative energy source to meet our renewable energy goals. Due to this increase in …

This publication synthesizes the results of the WIPAFF (WInd PArk Far Fields) project.
WIPAFF focused on the far field of large offshore wind park wakes (more than 5 km …

In Europe, offshore wind farms have a capacity of 16 GW, with 71% installed at the North
Sea. These wind farms represent an additional source of turbulence and may influence the …

We present dual-Doppler measurements of the wake behind an offshore wind farm. The
measured wind speed in the wake is compared with two wake models, one resolving the …

Large offshore wind farms are usually clustered around transmission grids to minimize the
expense of transmission, due to military zones, pipelines, and due to other uses such as …