Mitochondria are essential for the activity, function and viability of eukaryotic cells and
mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI) and …

Abstract Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a widely prevalent disease with substantial economic and
social impact for which multiple conventional and novel pharmacotherapies are currently …

The kidney is arguably the most important target of microvascular damage in diabetes. A
substantial proportion of individuals with diabetes will develop kidney disease owing to their …

Abstract Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) or Glitazones are an important class of insulin
sensitizers used in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). TZDs were reported for …

Insulin resistance is a systemic disorder that affects many organs and insulin-regulated
pathways. The disorder is characterized by a reduced action of insulin despite increased …

Mitochondrial dysfunction has gained recognition as a contributing factor in many diseases.
The kidney is a kind of organ with high energy demand, rich in mitochondria. As such …

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a widely expressed ligand-
modulated transcription factor that governs the expression of genes involved in …

Obesity‐related glomerulopathy (ORG) is a silent comorbidity which is increasing in
incidence as the obesity epidemic escalates. ORG is associated with serious health …

Diabetic kidney disease, commonly termed diabetic nephropathy (DN), is the most common
cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) worldwide. The characteristic histopathology of …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a risk factor for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and
cardiovascular disease (CVD). ESRD or CVD develop in a substantial proportion of patients …