This review aims to serve as an introduction to the solute carrier proteins (SLC) superfamily
of transporter proteins and their roles in human cells. The SLC superfamily currently …

Folates have a pterine core structure and high metabolic activity due to their ability to accept
electrons and react with O-, S-, N-, C-bounds. Folates play a role as cofactors in essential …

One-carbon (1C) metabolism, mediated by the folate cofactor, supports multiple
physiological processes. These include biosynthesis (purines and thymidine), amino acid …

Abstract Vitamin B12 (cobalamin, Cbl) is a nutrient essential to human health. Due to its
complex structure and dual cofactor forms, Cbl undergoes a complicated series of …

The accumulation of DNA in the cytosol serves as a key immunostimulatory signal
associated with infections, cancer and genomic damage,. Cytosolic DNA triggers immune …

Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the most effective and widely used drugs in the management of
autoimmune and dermatological diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis patients who …

The gut microbiota produce hundreds of bioactive compounds, including B‐vitamins, which
play significant physiological roles in hosts by supporting the fitness of symbiotic species …

Members of the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) of transport proteins are essential for the
movement of a wide range of substrates across biomembranes. As this transport requires a …

Pericytes, the mural cells of blood microvessels, regulate microvascular development and
function and have been implicated in many brain diseases. However, due to a paucity of …

cyclic-GMP-AMP (cGAMP) is a second messenger that activates the antiviral stimulator of
interferon genes (STING) pathway. We recently identified a novel role for cGAMP as a …