Obesity is a prevalent global-health problem associated with substantial morbidity,
impairment and economic burden. Because most readily available forms of treatment are …

Mounting evidence suggests that acute and chronic stress, especially the stress-induced
release of glucocorticoids, induces changes in glutamate neurotransmission in the prefrontal …

Stress has a critical role in the development and expression of many psychiatric disorders,
and is a defining feature of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Stress also limits the …

In the forced swim test (FST) rodents progressively show increased episodes of immobility if
immersed in a beaker with water from where escape is not possible. In this test, a compound …

Obesity and mood disorders are highly prevalent and co-morbid. Epidemiological studies
have highlighted the public health relevance of this association, insofar as both conditions …

In the twentieth century, the dominant model of sexual differentiation stated that genetic sex
(XX versus XY) causes differentiation of the gonads, which then secrete gonadal hormones …

The hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis represents a complex neuroendocrine
feedback loop controlling the secretion of adrenal glucocorticoid hormones. Central to its …

A proper response against stressors is critical for survival. In mammals, the stress response
is primarily mediated by secretion of glucocorticoids via the hypothalamic–pituitary …

The endocannabinoid system is known to have positive effects on depression partly through
its actions on neurotrophins, such as Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF). As BDNF is …

Endocannabinoids and their attending cannabinoid type 1 (CB 1) receptor have been
implicated in animal models of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, their specific …