Schultz, Wolfram. Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 1–27,
1998. The effects of lesions, receptor blocking, electrical self-stimulation, and drugs of abuse …

OBJECTIVE: The clinical hallmark of schizophrenia is psychosis. The objective of this
overview is to link the neurobiology (brain), the phenomenological experience (mind), and …

The basal ganglia comprise several nuclei in the forebrain, diencephalon, and midbrain
thought to play a significant role in the control of posture and movement. It is well recognized …

Dopamine plays a critical role in motor control, addiction, and reward-seeking behaviors,
and its release dynamics have traditionally been linked to changes in midbrain dopamine …

Associative learning enables animals to anticipate the occurrence of important outcomes.
Learning occurs when the actual outcome differs from the predicted outcome, resulting in a …

In addition to their well-known role in skeletal movements, the basal ganglia control
saccadic eye movements (saccades) by means of their connection to the superior colliculus …

The fundamental biological importance of rewards has created an increasing interest in the
neuronal processing of reward information. The suggestion that the mechanisms underlying …

The basal ganglia are neural structures within the motor and cognitive control circuits in the
mammalian forebrain and are interconnected with the neocortex by multiple loops …

Although Parkinson disease (PD) is viewed traditionally as a motor syndrome secondary to
nigrostriatal dopaminergic denervation, recent studies emphasize non-motor features. Non …

Where and how does the brain code reward during social behavior? Almost all elements of
the brain's reward circuit are modulated during social behavior. The striatum in particular is …