Midkine (MK) and pleiotrophin (PTN) are low molecular weight proteins with closely related
structures. They are mainly composed of two domains held by disulfide bridges, and there …

The midkine (MK) family consists of only two members, namely heparin-binding growth
factors MK and pleiotrophin (PTN). During embryogenesis, MK is highly expressed in the …

Neuroblastoma, an embryonal tumour of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system,
accounts for approximately 15% of all deaths due to childhood cancer. High-risk …

Despite intensive studies, the molecular mechanisms by which the genetic materials are
uploaded into microvesicles (MVs) are still unknown. This is the first study describing a …

Neuroblastoma is an embryonal malignancy of the sympathetic nervous system.
Spontaneous regression and differentiation of neuroblastoma is observed in a subset of …

Midkine (MK) is a developmentally regulated, secreted growth factor homologous to
pleiotrophin (PTN). To investigate the potential role of MK in tumor growth, we expressed MK …

Pleiotrophin (PTN) is a platelet-derived growth factor-inducible, 18-kDa heparin-binding
cytokine that signals diverse phenotypes in normal and deregulated cellular growth and …

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), a receptor tyrosine kinase in the insulin receptor
superfamily, was initially identified in constitutively activated oncogenic fusion forms–the …

Midkine is a heparin-binding cytokine or a growth factor with a molecular weight of 13 kDa.
Midkine binds to oversulfated structures in heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. The …

Recent analysis of bladder tumors has correlated expression of the neurokine midkine (MK)
with poor patient survival. To examine a role for MK and the related pleiotrophin (PTN) in …